![]() ![]() Snake venoms are frequently studied by scientists for its therapeutically use. Viewing and analysing with futuristic prospectus in pharmaceutical world, snake venom could open the doors for new era of medicines and research for treatment of cancer –. Due to its therapeutic activity, potency and availability, snake venom may be a vital nominee for the medicine in the future for many diseases and disorders. Some of the components of snake venom cause retardation of growth of cancerous cells. Patient has to suffer physically, mentally as well as economically. ![]() Present methods of treatment are very costly and have numerous side effects. Nowadays, treatment of cancer is a major challenge to the medical world. Cytotoxins and cardiotoxins in the venom causes damage to the cell membrane or interfere with the transport of substances or the transduction of signals across the membranes. Some toxins are responsible for damage to the skin and connective tissues of the body, their precise mode of action are unknown. A group of toxins inhibits or merely increases release of acetylcholine, so the muscle cell can not react to nerve stimuli and results in spasm or relaxation of muscle. Prey usually dies as respiratory muscles no longer function. Some components of venom bind to cholinergic receptors without causing any biological activity. Based on mode of action, snake venom can be grouped into different categories. Components of venom are responsible for paralysis attack on nerve membrane and branches and neuro-muscular junctions. Enzymes present in snake venom hydrolyse proteins and membrane components, which lead to tissue necrosis and blood clotting. Snake venom has mainly two functions 1) paralyzes the prey and 2) starts the digestive process. Hemotoxic venoms, which affects cardiovascular system and blood functions, cytotoxic venoms targets specific cellular sites or muscles and neurotoxic venoms harms nervous system of human body. There are basically three types of snake venom according to its effects. The crystal mass can dissolves readily in blood and water. The constituents of snake venom can be preserved for longer period, if dried solid crystal form is stored properly. Snake venom is clear, viscous and transparent liquid, which can be dried to solid crystal form. It produces toxicity only if contacted with blood. Snake venom is harmless if ingested in liquid or crystal form after drying through mouth and it will be excreted unchanged it contains anti-clotting proteins. It is very thick in winter hence less in amount while it gains more liquidity in summer and monsoon and has a more amount. Different species have different types of venom, which depends upon its species, geographical location, its habitat, climate, age etc. Snake venom affects human body according to its potency and type. Snake venoms are produced in the glands throughout life of the snake, so it subtracts the chances to kill the snake in the process of collection of venom, but it should be collected with scientific approaches and techniques. It is a naturalistic approach available in the nature. Cytotoxic effects of snake venom have potential to degrade/destroy tumor cells. Snake venoms cause significant mortality and morbidity worldwide, and strike fear in most of us. Many of them are harmless, but some can produce toxicity at certain degree. Most of the venoms are complex mixture of a number of proteins, peptides, enzymes, toxins and non protein inclusions. Still, others coil up in a tight ball with the head in the middle, some rattle the tail, and a few rub their scales together to produce a rasping “leave me alone” sound, but almost all will flee if given even the slightest opportunity.Snake venoms are the secretion of venomous snakes, which are synthesized and stored in specific areas of their body i.e. However, most snakes rely on camouflage to avoid being seen altogether. DefensesĪll snakes possess teeth that can be used in defensive bites. Death is very rapid, and in most cases takes less than a minute. However, there is so much power behind the coils that most animals typically die from heart failure because so much pressure is being applied to the chest cavity that the heart doesn’t have any room to continue beating. Eventually, the animal will not be able to inhale. Two things generally happen: every time the animal (prey) exhales, the snake will squeeze tighter. A snake will strike out to bite its prey, throw a couple of coils around it and begin to squeeze. Constriction is not a bone breaking experience like we often see in the movies. Many non-venomous snakes constrict their prey. They have their place in nature and would certainly prefer to leave us alone as well. Our advice: It’s best to leave all snakes alone, just like any wildlife. ![]()
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